The splenius capitis is a key muscle in the upper back and neck that often becomes tight due to posture, stress, or repetitive strain. When irritated, it can contribute to neck stiffness, reduced mobility, and even headaches. Understanding how this muscle works—and why it becomes painful—can help patients find effective ways to ease tension and support long-term neck health.

‍

Where Is the Splenius Capitis Located?

The splenius capitis is located on the posterior (back) side of the neck, forming part of the superficial layer of the intrinsic neck muscles. According to Gray’s Anatomy (Standring, 2021), the splenius capitis:

• Originates from the spinous processes of C7–T3/T4 vertebrae
• Inserts into the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral portion of the superior nuchal line

‍

What Does the Splenius Capitis Do?

Per Gray’s Anatomy and Travell & Simons, the splenius capitis contributes to:

• Neck extension (looking upward)
• Ipsilateral rotation (turning the head to the same side)
• Ipsilateral lateral flexion (tilting the head to the same side)

Because this muscle controls several primary head movements, even mild tightness can significantly impact daily comfort.

‍

‍

Why Does the Splenius Capitis Become Painful or Tight?

Common contributing factors include:

• Forward head posture (common with desk work)
• Prolonged computer or phone use
• Sudden neck movements
• Stress-related muscle guarding
• Sleeping without proper neck support

Travell & Simons describe the splenius capitis as a common site of myofascial trigger points, particularly in patients with chronic neck strain or sustained head flexion.

‍

‍

Common Symptoms of Splenius Capitis Dysfunction

When irritated or overloaded, the splenius capitis may produce:

• Aching or burning pain in the upper neck
• Pain radiating toward the top or back of the head
• Tension headaches, particularly at the skull base
• Discomfort when turning the head
• Neck stiffness, especially after working at a desk or waking up

Travell & Simons report that splenius capitis trigger points commonly refer pain to the vertex of the head, which patients often describe as “band-like” or “helmet-like.”

‍

‍

How to Relieve Splenius Capitis Tension or Pain

One effective approach to addressing tension in the splenius capitis muscle is acupuncture, which can support the release of tight areas in the muscle and help reduce discomfort and stiffness. Acupuncture is often used to encourage circulation, reduce localized muscle tension, and provide supportive relief for patients experiencing neck-related discomfort.

Additional strategies that can be beneficial include gentle stretching, massage, applying heat, improving posture, reducing stress, and avoiding prolonged positions that strain the neck. By combining these approaches, patients often experience meaningful improvements in muscle comfort and overall neck mobility over time.

‍

‍

Ready to Try PrimeLife Acupuncture?

Whether you’re experiencing acute or chronic pain, acupuncture can help restore mobility and reduce discomfort safely and effectively.

Book your appointment today with the experts at PrimeLife Acupuncture, the top-rated acupuncture clinic in Bethesda.

Curious to learn more about how acupuncture can help with other pain-related issues? Explore our Pain Management page or visit our Blog for further insights improving your well-being naturally.

‍

References

• Standring, S. (2021). Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42nd ed.). Elsevier.
• Travell, J. G., & Simons, D. G. (1999).Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual (Vol. 1). Williams& Wilkins.

‍

Disclaimer

This website and its contents are intended for informational purposes only and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Whenever possible, it is advised to seek professional care from a qualified healthcare professional for proper medical treatment.

‍

‍

‍